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Description
Bridge Piers are the intermediate vertical structural supports that sit between a bridge's abutments to carry the weight of the deck and traffic , transferring those loads safely down into the ground or water foundation . Load Transfer : Support dead loads , live loads and dynamic forces. Lateral Resistance : Withstand environmental and mechanical stresses , including wind , seismic / earthquake activity , stream flow , ice , thermal expansion , and potential ship impacts . Pier Cap : The top horizontal or beam - like element that directly receives and distributes loads from the superstructure .